Everything about The Eclectus Parrot totally explained
The
Eclectus Parrot,
Eclectus roratus, is a
parrot native to the
Solomon Islands,
New Guinea, northeastern
Australia and the
Maluku Islands (Moluccas). It is unusual in the parrot family for its extreme
sexual dimorphism. The males of the species are bright green, having bright candy-corn-coloured upper mandibles and black lower mandibles, and blue or red tail and wing feathers; while the females have red heads and blue to purple breasts, with black beaks. Joseph Forshaw, in his book
Parrots of the World, noted that the first European ornithologists to see Eclectus Parrots thought they were of two distinct species. Large populations of this parrot exist in
Papua New Guinea, where they're sometimes considered pests for eating fruit off trees. Their bright feathers are also used by native tribespeople as decorations.
Taxonomy
Ornithologists usually classify the Eclectus Parrot as a member of tribe
Psittaculini in the Psittacidae family of order Psittaciformes. However, some recent thought indicates that there's a great deal of commonality between the Eclectus Parrot and the
Loriinae tribe.
The Eclectus Parrot is the most sexually dimorphic of all the parrot species. The contrast between the brilliant emerald green plumage of the male and the deep red/purple plumage of the female is so marked that the two birds were, until the early 20th century, considered to be different species.
It is thought that there are Ten subspecies of Eclectus Parrots in the wild, with differences in size, colouring or habitat. Some of the most common subspecies are the Solomon Island, the Vosmaeri, and the Red-Sided.
The following ten Eclectus parrot subspecies have been determined.
- Grand Eclectus (Eclectus roratus roratus)
- Solomon Island Eclectus Parrot (Eclectus roratus solomonensis)
- New Guinea Red-sided Eclectus Parrot (Eclectus roratus polychloros)
- Australian Eclectus Parrot (Eclectus roratus macgillivrayi)
- Vosmaer's Eclectus Parrot (Eclectus roratus vosmaeri)
- Aru Island Eclectus Parrot (Eclectus roratus aruensis)
- Westerman's Eclectus Parrot (Eclectus roratus westermani)
- Sumba Island Eclectus Parrot (Eclectus roratus cornelia)
- Tanimba Islands Eclectus Parrot (Eclectus roratus riedeli)
- Biak Island Eclectus Parrot (Eclectus roratus biaki)
Identification of the subspecies is challenging in the female and almost impossible in the male without knowledge of the area of origin or domestic breeding history.
Although the Eclectus Parrot is the only extant species in the genus
Eclectus,
fossil remains of another species,
Eclectus infectus, have been found in
archaeological sites in the islands of
Tonga and
Vanuatu (Steadman 2006). The species presumably existed in
Fiji as well.
E. infectus had proportionally smaller wings than the Eclectus Parrot. The species went
extinct after the arrival of man 3000 years ago, presumably due to human-caused factors (habitat loss,
introduced species).
Diet
The diet of the eclectus in the wild consists of mainly fruits, unripe nuts, flower and leaf buds, and some seeds. Two favorite fruits are the
pomegranate and the
papaya (pawpaw) with seeds. In captivity, that'll eat most fruits including
mangos,
figs,
guavas,
bananas, any
melons,
stone fruits (
peaches etc),
grapes,
citrus fruits,
pears and
apples.
Aviculture
Eclectus parrots are one of the more popular birds kept in captivity, as either parent or hand reared. Unlike many other species of parrot they're relatively easy to breed yet difficult to hand feed. Nonetheless the frustration of hand rearing an eclectus parrot can easily be outweighed by their character and companionship if imprinted properly. For Eclectus in captivity, it's also advisable to provide vegetables high in
beta-carotene, such as lightly cooked
sweet potato, fresh
broccoli clumps, and fresh
corn on the cob. Fresh greens such as
endive or commercial
dandelion are a very important in providing calcium and other nutrients. These birds shouldn't be fed
avocado, chocolate, or high fat junk foods such as French fries and commercially processed human foods such as pizza. Yogurt is the only dairy product which parrots can digest. Spray
millet is one of the seed items they enjoy. A variety of soaked and cooked beans and
legumes, along with brown rice, provided in limited amounts help provide protein to the Eclectus diet. Nuts and seeds provide
vitamin E, but should be limited in order to avoid too much fat in the diet, as Eclectus can become fat.
One must avoid feeding an Eclectus fortified foods such as pellets, breads, pastas, etc. The Eclectus is sensitive to food additives,
food coloring agents and man-made vitamins. Feeding commercial fortified products can lead to
muscle spasms known as toe-tapping and wing flipping, as well as allergic reactions including severe itchiness leading to feather and skin damage.
Gallery
Image:Stavenn Eclectus roratus 00.jpg|male
Image:Stavenn Eclectus roratus 01.jpg|female
Image:Eclectus Parrot.JPG|male and female
Image:Eclectus Parrot - melbourne zoo.jpg|male
Image:Eclectus parrot male 31l07.JPG|male
Image:Eclectus roratus (female) at Miami Metrozoo 2008.jpg|female
Further Information
Get more info on 'Eclectus Parrot'.
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